Morfosintaxis

The absence of l. It is and it cannot be confused with the finite I O for all persons in the present except for 3rd peers. Sing. The distinction of the bare infinitive in English main clauses is as follows: the verb immediately after a modal whether the verb is an auxiliary or a lexical verb, will always show absence of l. She might pass the test similarly, the verb after dummy do will also always show absence of l.They do like white coffee Simple(x) sentence : the sentence that consist of Just one clause, which means that there is only one lexical or main verb (V), though V can of course be preceded by Auxiliaries. Simple sentence is thus synonymous with 1 main clause. The Department rejected the proposal Complex sentence: the sentence that consist of 1 main clause, plus 1 or more subordinate clauses. A complex sentence contains therefore several lexical or main verbs (V), one for each clause that actually occurs, and in turn each of these verbs can aka its own Auxiliaries.One of th ese verbs (V) will be the main verb of the overall structure, and the other verbs (V) will be subordinated to the former. They all liked the way he behaved The first verbal form of a main clause (whether it is V or Qua is obligatorily a finite verb. By contrast, the verbal form of a subordinate clause can be finite or non-finite. Four basic types of simple(x) sentences: declarative sentences negative affirmative interrogative sentences exclamation sentences imperative sentences (typically) affirmative.

Supply and Demand and Price Elasticity

Apple I-PHONES – Elasticity of supply and demand ABSTRACT I-PHONE' ELASTICITY OF DEMAND What determines price elasticity of Iphones demand? Demand for Iphones – It seems like Iphone sales are above expectation and Apple can't meet current demand. People all over the world are enthralled and want to hold one of the advanced and sexiest products in the market. The degree of necessity or whether the good is a luxury – goods deemed by consumers to be necessities tend to have an inelastic demand whereas luxuries will tend to have a more elastic demand because consumers can make do without luxuries when their budgets are stretched. It's likely to assume that Iphone considered as a luxury and in an economic recession customers can cut their spending on Iphones. The cost of switching between different phones – there may be difficulties involved in switching between different phones. In this case, using Iphone, with its unique applications and software might involve with issues of transferring data from one phone to another. This also imply when moving from using another phone to Iphone. I consider this part for some extent as an insignificant. Summarizing, Iphone is a very unique product, differentiated but have some competitors. Price elasticity of demand is definitely not inelastic but not perfectly elastic. If prices go up significantly, there's no doubt that quantity demanded declines. I-PHONE' ELASTICITY OF SUPPLY Price elasticity also affects supply. Products with an inelastic supply usually have a long lead time, with little power over the quantity produced. Hotel rooms are one example, because if there's a price change, hotel owners can't decide halfway through the growing season to provide more or less of rooms. On the other hand, products with a high elasticity of supply tend to come from industries that can change their production levels more quickly – for example, milk and dairy products. If we examine Iphone elasticity of supply we should consider Apple manufactures for being able to adapt to high demand. From past publications, we could learn that Apple had some issues with facing demand, and that it couldn't meet demand. From my perspective Apple incorrectly predicated its sales, and that was the basis for the shortage. Iphone supply should be more elastic than inelastic at the end of the day.

Big Energy

1.Organisational behavior may be defined as the specific branch of studies that helps in investigating how organizational structures affect different types of behavior within the organizations. It helps in the studying of an organization from a number of different viewpoints that not only includes different behaviors within the organization but also in relation to other different numbers of organizations (Pinder 2014). Some of the important facets of organizational behavior are the leadership, decision making, job satisfaction, team building and also motivation. However in case of the present scenario provided, it is seen that many of the facets of organizational behavior is not properly maintained in the pany named Big Energy. It is a private organization that had bought a flourishing pany called the XYZ pany but had not established a proper organizational behavior that would help the workers to adapt themselves in the new environment. In turn they had applied policies which had a v ery negative effect on the retained employees of the overtaken pany. This study would help to establish the different problems that the employees had to encounter in terms of a number of aspects like the behavior, values and also the attitudes that are portrayed by the new employers and the organization. Before one begin to describe the aspects of the case study provided, a brief overview about the concept of organization behaviour must be discussed.    Organisational behavior mainly pays importance on the topics like influence of personality on performance, motivation of employees and also creating effective teams and workplace groups that when work in harmonious situations will result in producing the best productivity for an organization (Miner 2015). There exists a specific attitude in a workplace that influences the workplace either in a positive way or in a negative way. In a workplace which shows a positive attitude, petition is taken by the workers as a motivation to show best capabilities. However a negative attitude in a workplace results in creation of an environment of distrust among the employees which results in different negative ou es like achieving success at each other expense, or results in increased attrition rate and also workers get emotionally depressed (Wagner and Hollenbeck 2014). From the beginning itself, a very negative attitude was portrayed by the Big Energy’s authorities when they made the chief executives and also the functional business members redundant. This came upon them as the warning signal which not only created a pressure on them of being sacked at any time but also showed another threat. It made them to think that they have to struggles in their pany and would always be judges in their merit which increased pressure on them and thereby became demotivated. This resulted in increase of the attrition rate of the organization. Another reason that can be noted here was that the behavior of the workers of XYZ developed very negative feelings about their new authority which had a very negative impact on their own work and thereby affected the organization’s productivity. The workers got depressed and also frustrated because the new authority was not paying heed to the workers’ welfare and betterment and only set their aim on the process of integration. They pletely neglected the quality of work that the workers were exhibiting and also did not take into account the pany’s long term profits. As a result the loyalty that the workers used to show their previous authority were gradually declining for their new authority and heir morale started to dwindle. Such kind of development of feelings should strictly been avoided by the new authority as it we es loss and increases turnover rates (Green berg 2013). Another important element of organizational behavior is values. Values are the attributes that an individual or an organization carries as as an integral part of existence and may vary from one to another. It is often defined as the main basis of attitude and motivation. In the case provided, the main reason for the arrival of different issues were that there was no similarity with the values shared by the Big Energy pany and that by the workers of the XYZ. As a result, feuds with the supervisors were in constancy and therefore it did not yield any positive result been when Sally tried to argue with them over the harmful effects of the integration model of the authority. The integration model implemented by the Big Energy affected the inter-personal relationships of the workers with that of the employers asking a big question on the effectiveness of managerial leaderships. The employees felt that their wishes and requirement were disrespected and these severe issues forced them to le ave the pany one by one. It also showed that the new authority could not implement proper human resource management skill and therefore could not establish a proper relationship with the employees which would have brought much more productivity (Champoux 2016). This case study portray the importance of knowledge about the macro organizational behavioral theory refereeing to entire organizations and also industries and their operations and not the Micro organizational behavior theory that pays heed to individual or group behavior as a whole. Organisational culture is the system of shared values, assumptions and beliefs that help a particular individual in an organization to properly evaluate what kind of behaviors are wanted by the organizations (DuBrin 2013). These have three important ponents like the artifacts mainly pondering over the tangible parts of the organization like office jokes, furniture, dress code, timings and others. A value which is already discussed earlier as qualities that an employee possesses is also found to e different from that of the employers. The workers of XYZ wanted to pete based on their merit but this was not prioritized by the Big Energy. Therefore, they b e demotivated. Assumptions are those behaviors which are not conscious but are integrated as the spirit of the corporate culture (Hogg and Terry 2014). If one wants to portray the bigger picture, it can be explained that both the employees and the new employer were not being able to harmonize. This is mainly because both of them were failing to catch hold of each other’s techniques and models of organizational behavior (Greenberh and Colquitt 2013). This resulted in huge negative impact on the performance of the workers and hence the productivity. In place Big Energy should have set up a proper and critically analyzed approach to integrate the acquired employees in such a way so that they could have developed proper relationship and also would make them fortable and thereby feel included in organizations’ mission and vision. Big Energy should have recognized that human resource make the foundation of the organization and therefore should have taken effective steps to manage them effectively and create an easy pathway to success rather than neglecting the voice of the workers and overpowering them. 2.The acquisition of XYZ Energy by Big Energy though seems to be a good fit, there lies more to it than the same vertical of business. The acquisition can be better explained with the help of the Corporate Parenting Matrix which shows a relation between the fit and misfit of parenting and strategic characteristics. The acquisition is in the quadrant of the Value Trap i.e. Big Energy was able to recognize the process values and technological importance of XYZ Energy, but it was unable to create an integration model which can sustain this acquisition in the long term. Big Energy which had been keen on only acquiring the technology, patents and innovations made the workforce of XYZ energy redundant to their own business model. It must be noted that long term petitive advantage can’t be sought after by myopic scenario planning (Greenberg and Coloquitt 2013). It is quite evident that with employee dissonance prevailing in an organization, it is bound to crumble sooner or later. The attitude and values of the XYZ employees have been hurt and no recognition has been paid to these employees. The senior management at XYZ had also faced the brunt once the acquisition was in full swing. With the redundancy of the senior management, the employees who were still surviving with XYZ very well knew that they were on the verge of colliding with the end of their careers at XYZ Energy. Big Energy in order to make the acquisition fall in the category of ‘Heartland’ needs to realize that the foundation of an organization is its human resource – it’s the people in the organization who form the culture have be liefs and possess values. Big Energy till now has miserably failed in prehending the organizational behavior scope of XYZ Energy. The downturn came about when Big Energy failed to understand the emotions of the employees who stayed back and were even little bothered to bring in the change management effectively in order to mold behavior and attitudes. Big Energy needs to put heed to the basics of prehending organizational behavior and form its strategy accordingly. Change management can only be successfully implanted when there is active participation from all realms of the organization especially within the employees and the management (Grant 2016). In order to get the integration to reach a new level of long term sustenance, Big Energy must take up the following actions: Delineate: It is the sole responsibility of the management of Big Energy to converse and delineate the responsibilities and behavioral patterns to the individual (employees of XYZ). Big Energy needs to start off by these so to make sure that dissonance and turnover is low (Nahavandi et al. 2013). Comprehend: Earlier during the acquisition process kicked off, the employees of XYZ had been reluctant, less enthusiastic and even flying on low morale. Big Energy should have taken this into consideration and tried to find out the root cause of such dissatisfaction among the existent employees (Lam et al. 2015). Instead it had turned a blind eye. Thus organizational behavior clearly outlines that it’s important to understand the reasons for an individual’s behavior. This prehension will help Big Energy to annihilate the causes of the dissatisfaction in the bud itself. Anticipate: In the study, it has been mentioned that the management as well as the employees of Big Energy were most reluctant to visit and interact with the remaining XYZ employees. This reluctance has proven to be instrumental in driving the private enterprise towards being clueless about the personalities and motivation factors of the XYZ employees. Thus interaction needs to be increased in order to better predict employee behavior for higher efficiency (Hui, Lee and Wang 2015). Control: Since the businesses are quite alike, Big Energy put all their efforts on the integration process but little on the incumbents post integration. Big Energy now has to implement separate Training and Development processes to ensurehigh employee morale, less employee turnover and higher orientation towards organizational goals. The T&D procedure must infuse enough job mitment in the employees so that they can again be a part of the activities and find their relevance in their respective job roles (Morris et al. 2015). With the above proceedings in action, Big Energy needs to be more transparent and promote inter dependence of employees to gain higher productivity. It is elementary to integrate the culture of both the organizations to create synergy, so as to provide the fit for the organizational resources and human resources (Lindebaum and Geddes 2016). Big Energy must pay close heed to the models of Organizational Behavior and implement the following to get the desired results. Supportive Model: The model thrives under effective leadership styles. Big Energy management should be on the lookout for the remaining XYZ employee needs so that organizational performance can be met. The respective leaders must support their fellow team mates to develop their skills and promote awakening motivational drives among them so as to orient them towards favorable results (Lee and Selart 2015). Collegial Model: This model encourages a sense of partnership in the organization. Working as a team is the right approach where team mates are self-disciplined and self-actualized. Big Energy must motivate XYZ employees to work closely Big Energy employees as teams so that there is diversity in teams and idea generation can be more frequent. Big Energy must also bring about an intra-organizational petitive environment which shall motivate XYZ employees to perform better, more enthusiastically, aligned towards desired organizational goals (Goestch and Davis 2014). System Model: The model is based upon the power of trust, munity and belongingness. The managerial orientation is passionate and caring which drives employees to being self-motivated, passionate towards achieving desired organizational results. Big Energy must ensure that employees are provided enough liberty to bring their thoughts on the table to initiateteam building and brain storming activities. Big Energy management needs to portray the right vibes of mutual trust with the remaining XYZ employees so that employees can recognize their own psychological ownership of the firm and work towards the betterment of the same. This would initiate a higher morale in the employees as they can feel their own relevance and authority in the organization (Grant 2016). It must be realized that all strategies are not the best fits for Big Energy management. A framework of the strategies has been provided with indicative approaches. Still further study is a requisite prior to implementing them. Champoux, J.E., 2016.  Organizational behavior: Integrating individuals, groups, and organizations. Routledge. DuBrin, A.J., 2013.  Fundamentals of organizational behavior: An applied perspective. Elsevier. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.  Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Grant, R.M., 2016.  Contemporary strategy analysis: Text and cases edition. John Wiley & Sons. Greenberg, J. and Colquitt, J.A. eds., 2013.  Handbook of organizational justice. Psychology Press. Greenberg, J. ed., 2013.  Organizational behavior: The state of the science. Routledge. Hogg, M.A. and Terry, D.J. eds., 2014.  Social identity processes in organizational contexts. Psychology Press. Hui, C., Lee, C. and Wang, H., 2015. Organizational inducements and employee citizenship behavior: The mediating role of perceived insider status and the moderating role of collectivism.  Human Resource Management,  54(3), pp.439-456. Lam, C.F., Liang, J., Ashford, S.J. and Lee, C., 2015. Job insecurity and organizational citizenship behavior: Exploring curvilinear and moderated relationships.  Journal of Applied Psychology,  100(2), p.499. Lee, W.S. and Selart, M., 2015. The influence of emotions on trust in ethical decision making. Lindebaum, D. and Geddes, D., 2016. The place and role of (moral) anger in organizational behavior studies.  Journal of organizational behavior,  37(5), pp.738-757. Miner, J.B., 2015.  Organizational behavior 1: Essential theories of motivation and leadership. Routledge. Morris, M.W., Hong, Y.Y., Chiu, C.Y. and Liu, Z., 2015. Normology: Integrating insights about social norms to understand cultural dynamics.  Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,  129, pp.1-13. Nahavandi, A., Denhardt, R.B., Denhardt, J.V. and Aristigueta, M.P., 2013.  Organizational behavior. SAGE Publications. Pinder, C.C., 2014.  Work motivation in organizational behavior. Psychology Press. Wagner III, J.A. and Hollenbeck, J.R., 2014.  Organizational behavior: Securing petitive advantage. Routledge.

Community Parnerships Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Community Parnerships - Assignment Example Enough nurses will help improve the quality of our services and prevent scenarios of nurse frustration and burnout. My agency is also in need of a counsellor. According to Meier, Isaacs and Hughes, counselling is an important element in palliative care delivery (Meier, Isaacs & Hughes, 2010, Pg. 312). Counsellors will be charged with the role of providing supportive and confidential advice for patients as well as families that are facing the loss of their loved one. Most patients have raised the need to talk to someone, sometimes feel isolated, block their feelings, and have heightened anxiety with complicated family issues. These patients feel depressed. This is why we need community members who are professional counsellors to join Quality Care Agency and lend a hand in this modest task. We have also learned that there has been an increased attention to the religious dimension of our patients and families. Therefore, we request preachers from the community that are conversant with the patients’ religious beliefs to step forward. They will help integrate the spiritual beliefs of the patients into the overall plan of care. Preachers intervene in cases where patients feel that our services have evoked a conflict between medical treatment goals and patient values (Knapp, Madden & Fowler-Kerry, 2012, Pg. 235). Quality Care Agency is also in need of patient advocates. These are individuals that will aid in keeping abreast with any situations that may emerge after which they will build bridges (Alexander, Corrigan, Gorski, Hankins & Perucca, 2011, Pg. 36). This need arose after most of our clients wanted to know about the quality of services they are receiving. Part 2: One of the community partners that can help in satisfying our needs is Stafford Nursing School. This institution can assign some of their internship nurses to our organisation. We can also benefit with spiritual support from Full Gospel Church. RN Patient

Phase 1 Discussion Board Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Phase 1 Discussion Board - Assignment Example The bidding procedures have brought several challenges to the entire department. As the project head, I see to it that we can follow a strategic plan from inviting suppliers to present proposals to closing a contract from one of the suppliers that has passed the eligibility checked. It’s easier said than done. A procurement plan is simpler than the actual process. In the preceding paragraphs, I will explain in details the highlights of my role as the project manager and procurement head. As I’ve said, my role has been associated from the very start of the procurement procedure which involve expert judgment and using appropriate criteria to identify the scope of work that best suit our current project few suppliers has presented on our department during the opening of bids. Prior to that, I and my committee would develop a qualified sellers list that would enumerate several companies that offer similar projects of standard quality. I am studying, not only the present sta nding of these suppliers, but their completed projects over the past years. This examination will include product or service package like discounts, after sales service, warranty and the like. Our invitation to bid letters will be sent to the chosen suppliers who have passed our criteria. This process makes the work simpler rather than allowing all companies, manufacturers and service providers to participate the sealed bidding. The tasks do not end here; the project would be awarded not only for the sellers who have offered the lowest price. Price is deceiving at times. Our criteria for selecting one or few sellers to participate on the contract are brands and end users feedbacks about them. Statistics won’t like so I used to collect feedbacks from different types of end users. One of the trickiest parts is contract negotiation, as a project manager, I always see to it that the contract would always in favour of the company. Based on the several experiences from procurement of ICT infrastructure to enhance our E-Ticketing System to repair and renovation of tourist train coaches, I have always come up with an outstanding contract with our awarded suppliers. That was made possible with the help of my committee. More heads are better than one. Nevertheless, before the contract can be finalized, our decision will be submitted to the contract department. We have in-house experts who are tasked to re-examine our reports before the purchased order and contacts will be released and signed. Despite of the presence of our in-house experts on the contract and purchasing department, my part on the planning and decision making of the procurement committee is a very important factor of the success of the project. I did most of the plan and control. I will tell you more about the behind scenes of the procurement management. Success is always associated to risks and failures. Despite of feasibility studies and similar researches, I also deal several procurement risks. As a project manager, I also developed a solid procurement risk management plan to solve anticipated risks. In conducting research, I always remind my committee to consider both pros and cons. Prevention is better than cure. I strongly believe that this is very applicable to business. To maximize the return of investment, I always look for a practical, well-structured plan to start the project. Some common examples of risks are unrealistic schedule set by

Risk Identification Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Risk Identification - Essay Example For anything to qualify as an art, it is essential that an element of subjectivity lies therein. Subjectivity hitherto refers to lack of objective and empirical explanation for the factors that might be involved in the undertaking. These do tend to be absent from the dynamic identification of risk at certain junctures. Here comes the viewpoint of considering it as underdeveloped. The fact of the matter is, that classifying the true potential of a subjective quantity is never really possible - hence making risk identification an essentially underdeveloped art. It may not be taken as a negative feature, but rather as inherent trait. It is partially developed in the context that certain integral features of the process of risk management have been actualized, and can be subsequently applied to any school of thought wanting to get a risk identification for itself. However, it is reasonably underdeveloped in the context of protective and speculative abilities. After all, the primary purpose of risk identification is to rid oneself off it and possibly avoid a remission of the same. However, the complex dynamics of every operating system, man or machine, makes it a magnanimous task to recognize all possible risks. Wikipedia explains the process of risk identification, "... It is partially developed in the context that certain integral features of the process of risk management have been actualized, and can be subsequently applied to any school of thought wanting to get a risk identification for itself. However, it is reasonably underdeveloped in the context of protective and speculative abilities. After all, the primary purpose of risk identification is to rid oneself off it and possibly avoid a remission of the same. However, the complex dynamics of every operating system, man or machine, makes it a magnanimous task to recognize all possible risks. Risk Identification - Domain Wikipedia explains the process of risk identification, "After establishing the context, the next step in the process of managing risk is to identify potential risks. Risks are about events that, when triggered, will cause problems. Hence, risk identification can start with the source of problems, or with the problem itself." This explains the rationale of how things are taken, and hopefully, preempted. After this, it is desirable for the analysis of the risk to be taken. These can be further of two types: 1. "Source analysis Risk sources may be internal or external to the system that is the target of risk management. Examples of risk sources are: stakeholders of a project, employees of a company or the weather over an airport. 2. "Problem analysis Risks are related to fear. For example: the fear of losing money, the fear of abuse of privacy information or the fear of accidents and casualties. The fear may exist with various entities, most important with shareholder, customers and legislative bodies such as the government" (Wikipedia). Risk Identification - Methods Risk identification factors can be multifaceted in their origin. "The chosen method of

The Patriot Act Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Patriot Act - Research Paper Example Provisions of the Act violate the Constitution and tear down the freedoms for which true patriots have fought and died. This discussion will review provide a brief history pertaining to the subject, analyze the debate surrounding the topic and consequences of the Act then offer a concluding statement. History The PATRIOT Act was enacted in response to the 9/11 attacks and as a tool against terrorist threats. The right wing has actively advocated subverting the rights contained in no less than five of the first ten amendments (the Bill of Rights) to, as they claim, ‘protect’ citizens from terrorism. The name itself, the PATRIOT Act is an acronym for Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism. The label for this law was cleverly designed and packaged to enlist broad support from a nation that is generally vulnerable to patriotic propaganda but even more so at the time that it was so swiftly enacted. Citizen s and legislators were all too eager to submit to the rhetoric that suggested that sacrificing a certain amount of freedom was a small price to pay for security. Most Congressmen admit to not have reading the Act before voting to pass it but those voting in favor were overwhelming. Only one of 99 Senators (Wisconsin Senator Russ Feingold) and 66 of 423 Representatives voted against the law. The PATRIOT Act, as many citizens and legal experts alike have argued, violates the fundamental rights guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution’s first ten amendments, the Bill of Rights (Savage, 2006). This includes the freedom of speech and assembly (First Amendment); the freedom from unreasonable search and seizure (Fourth Amendment); the right to due process of law (Fifth Amendment); the right to a speedy, public and fair trial along with the right to counsel and to confront the accuser, (Sixth Amendment), the freedom from cruel and unusual punishment (Eighth Amendment) and freedom from pun ishment without conviction (13th Amendment). In March of 2010 President Obama signed a one-year extension of three parts of the USA Patriot Act without any amendments, additions or new limitations on measures he said were essential to safeguard American civil liberties. â€Å"The provisions allow the government, with permission from a special court, to obtain roving wiretaps over multiple communication devices, seize suspects’ records without their knowledge, and conduct surveillance of a so-called ‘lone wolf,’ or someone deemed suspicious but without any known ties to an organized terrorist group.† i Analysis Libertarian organizations such as the Civil Liberties Union claim that the Bush administration had a proclivity for secrecy and rejected the concept of transparency. The PATRIOT Act has reproved its agenda for the â€Å"outright removal of checks and balances.† ii Conservatives are alarmed as well including former Republican Representative Bob Barr, who is best known for leading the attempt to impeach President Clinton. Barr had led a group named â€Å"Patriots to Restore Checks and Balances† which focused solely on challenging the renewal of the Patriot Act in 2004. iii This multifaceted PATRIOT Act modified numerous laws including the Family Education Rights and Privacy Act, Right to Financial Privacy Act, Fair Credit Reporting Act and Immigration and Nationality Act among many others. iv According to the Justice Department, the PATRIOT Act gives support to and

Classroom Engagement and Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Classroom Engagement and Management - Assignment Example This makes it necessary to seek to outline and tabulate an approach and present it to the reader in the form of a personal best practice. Introduction Class room management has traditionally been understood as just that – management. However, the student should also be aware of the fact that classroom management necessarily requires a close collaborative agreement with the other stakeholders in the process; students. Although the phrase classroom management necessarily refers to an active process by which a leader, the teacher, interacts with the managed, students, the reality that the article seeks to display is that classroom management is ultimately a two way street that requires close cooperative agreement from all stakeholders involved. As a function of developing this cooperation and agreement, the article notes that there are several steps that the teacher and students can engage in that will help this to take place to a greater degree. The first of these is with regard s to seeking to agree on classroom rules at the very beginning of the year. This of course helps to level the playing field and present the students with the metrics by which they will be expected to follow. Additionally, checking in with students at the start of every classes emphasize as a means of possibly averting any negative behavior prior to it being exhibited. Furthermore consistency and expectations is emphasized as a means of ensuring that conformity in cooperation is uniform. Naturally, reinforcing positive behavior among students is one of the most effective means of discouraging negative behavior. As the age-old dictum goes, it is easier to catch flies with honey. A further aspect of classroom management is emphasizes with regards to maintaining student dignity. This not only helps to increase the level of self-respect the student has for himself/herself, it also helps to increase level of respect with which they engage with others (Deaton, 2013). Tying along with this is the need for the teacher to maintain a level of neutrality and not engage in any accusatory type behavior. i) Specify how you will present and conduct yourself Oftentimes, it is the case that classroom management has a great deal to do with the way in which the stage is set. What is meant by this is the fact that the teacher must be highly cognizant of the fact that their appearance and the way in which one conducts the interaction has a great deal of impact with regards to the way in which stakeholders will interact with the educator. As such, the classroom management plan that this particular student would seek to implement would be one of presenting a recognizable appearance of authority while maintaining this visual appearance with an ordered and structured approach to the lesson plan (Lawrence, 2013). Unfortunately, this is oftentimes overlooked and counts as one of the elements that is either performed in excess or not at all. However, when performed appropriately, the resu lts allow for an educator to maintain control of the classroom, maximize the level of respect that is rendered, and encourage participation from all involved. ii) Specify the behavioral goals for you students With regards to the behavioral goals that would be expected, this is also oftentimes misunderstood and underutilized by the educator. All too often, the

Portfolio Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Portfolio - Annotated Bibliography Example This article is about a study where women are offered a variety of birth control methods. The results from the study stipulate that most women who chose long acting techniques such as implants which lower the chances of acquiring pregnancy other than birth control pills do not worry about unplanned pregnancies. Notably, it shows that birth control reduced rates of abortion in United States from 19.6 abortions per 1000 women to approximately 4.4 abortions per 1000 women. In addition, the article notes that the introduction of birth control measures reduced rates of birth among teenage girls from 34.3 per 1000 girls to 6.3 per 1000 girls. This article exposes an individual to the effects of birth control on abortion rates. National Public Radio (2012, October 8). Cloud Computing Saves Health Care Industry Time And Money: All Tech Considered: NPR. Retrieved  October  8, 2012, from http://www.npr.org/blogs/alltechconsidered/2012/10/01/162080613/cloud-computing-saves-health-care-industry-time-and-money This article explains how cloud computing power makes it less expensive and easier for clinicians and firms to find out newfangled cures and medicinal drugs. Notably, the article portrays that analysis of data that used to take a long time and was expensive can now be done for lesser time and at a lesser cost. In essence, health care organizations can lease gigantic workstation resources per hour at relatively cheap charges. The aptitude to examine and evaluate colossal information in this manner has changed a lot of industries including health care. Needless to say, the article notes that cloud computing has aided medical research where a doctor or any other health care practitioner can use the internet to search for other cases of a disease or a disorder. Cloud computing has aided researchers to evaluate and sequence large amounts of data which is not possible for a person to do on his or her own. Amazon is an excellent

Measurement and Assessment in Teaching Essay Example for Free

Measurement and Assessment in Teaching Essay Once cargo has been packaged it must undergo standard checks at the inspection offices for goods entering or living the country through various shipping methods. The most acceptable measurement and inspection methods for the cargo are the sampling method. This method is preferred because it cares for both the quality of the products and total inspection cost. The method is generally timely, cost effective. The international standards of inspecting cargo universally agree on the use of sampling method to reduce the cost of inspection, if it were to be done on single entities. More so, there are set standards and levels of specifications on the maximum errors allowed for a product packaging, (Hunt, 1989). There are limited levels of defects and variation for the quality of product. A package should not exceed the maximum errors allowed. If the level is exceeded then the product or cargo is rendered unworthy and can not be delivered to the owners due to the defects that compromise the quality of the product. The cargo at this point is said to have failed the inspection as per the set code of standards; ISO 2859. inspection must follow the set standards regardless of whether the client request for specific tests or not. Clients are allowed to make specific test requests at will before the inspection begins, otherwise inspection will be done as stipulated. The set standards for international inspection must be adhered to by the test auditors and inspectors. Industrial standards that are legally accepted include NFK06-021/022, ANSI/ASQC Z1. 4-1993, ISO2859 (AQL Tables), DIN40. 080, ISO 14000, SA 8000, ANSI/ASQC Z1. 4/BS6001 and MIL-STD-105E/ ABC-STD 105. Each of these standards has its own specification for which industry products must have before they are packaged. The rule is that the standards must meet the social accountability and legal standards. When the commodities are found to contain any defect they may further be classified as critical, major, or minor depending on the level of contamination or the defect. Critical defect is hazardous for human consumption or it is bound to cause harm to the product’ consumer. This affects the functionality of the intended use of the product. When this kind of defect is detected it must be corrected. The product is not consumable under all circumstances and therefore it can not be shipped. It must be refined or discarded completely to avoid unsafe use of the product, (Dangerous Cargo Handling, 2008). On the other hand, major defects are those that may result in the interference of marketability of a product though not harmful in use. It may negatively affect the functionality of the product if uncorrected. Most clients may request for replacement if they are sold to these products. Minor defects entail the availability of foregone substances in the commodity such that they do not affect the functionality of the product negatively. It is expected that when this product is brought to the market it may satisfy majority needs. There are three different levels of inspection used in the international cargo inspection. They are the general inspection levels; general inspection level I, general inspection level II, general inspection level III. The most commonly used inspection level is the general inspection level II, which takes audit and quality tests on the product. There is a fourth category of inspection called the Special inspection level which is used for wider range of samples to eliminate more risks. It is used to test products that are suspected to be dangerous. General inspection level I is used for products that need less attention, it is for basic tests. General inspection level III is used for most discriminative requirements on the test samples. It uses engineering principles of testing the products’ quality. General inspection level III is time consuming and expensive though it can be used for elimination of large risk levels. 2) Interpreting the legal requirements in relation to the carriage of dangerous goods, present very different challenges for good assessment and evaluation The definition of dangerous cargo as stipulated by the international maritime law entails all substances or cargo that may harm the ship, the carriage, and other cargo that may be on board. Dangerous cargo handling required specialty and expertise to avoid hazardous events that may befall a carriage. There are examples of recent events of dangerous cargo harming the carriage. For instance, case involving major containership subject in which, â€Å"MSC Napoli† caused real destruction and pollution to the England’s South Coast. The carriage was beached on a natural beauty scene at the Coast yet on board was dangerous cargo worth million dollars. It had on board, 1700 tons hazardous cargo whose cost is over $ 100 million. All these went in to waste and caused more destruction to the environment, (Bergendorff, S. 1998). Poor containerization causes danger to many casualties. Massive explosions and fire outbursts are common with improper handling and outlawed procedures in dangerous cargo carriage. The international community has formulated laws and code of ethics regarding the international transportation system in which laws regarding handling of dangerous cargo have been clearly set out. This is aimed at minimizing or curbing poor handling and packaging of cargo at the terminals. This has in the past resulted in damages worth billions of money hence low economic growth and poor environmental conservation. The â€Å"International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code, the IMDG Code,† is a formulation of codes of safety that must be adhered to by any personnel handling dangerous cargo within the international community, UAE, (IMDG, 2007). This law is designed in accordance to the UAE international convention of 1974 in which signatories were signed for â€Å"Safety of Life At Sea, SOLAS. † UAE maritime code has the provision for the carrier to destroy or remove any dangerous cargo if it deems necessary. For instance, if the cargo owner would decline ownership incase of misfortune or if there were no proper agreements for international transmanship ethics. This cargo may be destroyed without compensation. Dangerous cargo may include explosives or highly inflammable. This is according the Article 271. In addition, dangerous cargo that has been loaded with proper consultation from the carrier, and it becomes a threat to the carriage then it can be destroyed without blame on the carrier. More over, when goods which are not necessarily dangerous are packed in the carriage and are not properly declared on the bill of lading are discovered on board, they can be jettisoned to avoid damage or fines on the cargo on board. This is further aggravated by the condition of the goods; if the goods are legally prohibited for sale or export, they must be destroyed or offloaded from the cargo transit. According to the law, the shipper is held responsible for any irregularity on goods he delivers that are reflected in the bill of lading, (Government of Alberta, 2010). In other words, the shipper is responsible for giving the correct information on shipping particulars and will be answerable for any damage on the cargo on board or the carriage itself, unless he gives a timely notice on any kind of irregularity. The law requires a shipper to ship only those goods that they have a clear consent of their level of toxicity and nature for which the carrier is defined. Third party who may fall victim of damage caused dangerous cargo, according to UEA law of 1985, Article 282 the civil Code shall hold the shipper responsible. This enables the shipper to ensure that they cross check their cargo and ensure that they transport only the required cargo. The shipper must ensure he does not ship wrongly described goods, since any damage caused to the cargo shall be charged on him. The law has environmental law clause concerning the protection for environment. This is found within the federal laws of UEA of 1999, â€Å"Protection and development of the Environment. † According to this law, omissions or acts that threaten the environment are punishable by the law, (Ziegler A. 2009). Criminal laws are also applicable in the cases where shipment of dangerous cargo causes death or injury to persons. The owner must ensure that they are authorized by the law to transact with the dangerous goods. In other words, international law regarding dangerous cargo shipment must be adhered to, if at all persons are to be free from blame in case of danger resulting from the shipment. The principle objective and learning instructional task in both dangerous cargo handling and assessment is to ensure that personnel dealing with shipment of different good have the basic knowledge and practical application towards quality of services and safety of the sea. The training involves important aspects like navigation, maritime laws, meteorology, and weather forecasting, watch-standing; handling small boats and ship-handling, deck operations and equipment, line handling and rope-work, communication for sails within the port, towing operations, dangerous cargo handling, attention to emergencies, storage of cargo, fire fighting and sea and is survival skills. The learning guide for cargo handling is well designed with the objective of meeting market requirements of loading and unloading of cargo. It is practice oriented with good features of on-site training to ensure advanced training for in service training and those who intend to join the shipment crew, (Fox, N. 1997). Another objective is to train staff on high technologies of cargo assessment and test procedures with the aim promoting safety and security in cargo handling. There are different principles of assessment that must be adhered to when assessing cargo. First is the type of cargo to be shipped, the type of container or package required and legal documentation of the carriage. Environmental conservation principled should be taken in to account when assessing the cargo and its package quality. Also safety of both the ship or carrier and the people involved as well as security of other cargo on board. Material labeling should be done conspicuously. Each type of cargo has its specification for packaging and secure material to use while handling it. Assessment is based on the general specifications found on the consignment and legislation regarding packaging and delivery of cargo from different origins and destinations. For instance, legislative requirements set for different cargo offer restriction to certain volumes and weights below which or above which the consignment should not be signed for transit. More over, the uses of packing material which can be recycled have become a requirement for certain types of cargo. If this is not done then the consignment may not be delivered to its destination. In addition, environmentally friendly material is requiring for packaging. Assessment tests shall only allow transit of well packaged commodities and pallets that meet the quality to be delivered for certain specifications. Packaging could be done on disposable or reusable packages for environmental safety purposes, (Devusy, et. al 1998). For instance, reusable packages may include load carrier which include flat wooden pallets, skeleton container pallets, liquid containers and universal small load carrier. The disposable packaging could include disposable pallets, disposable protective packaging, disposable liquid containers, disposable packing aids, and cardboards that are disposable. It is also required that the package be easy to clean if reusable, and easy to dispose if disposable. This packaging must be done in accordance to the environmental law. In conclusion, cargo pallet assessment and test procedures followed International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code has defined the safety procedures for packaging and transportation of cargo. Dangerous cargo has its set laws and regulation regarding test and assessment of quality and nature of the product. The law requires those handling the cargo to be careful with every step of packaging, assessment, documentation, shipment and delivery, (Batemen, et. al. 2007). It is required that environmental conservation is taken in to account since there are penalties associated with hazardous cargo that affects the environment upon mishandling or improper assessment and packaging procedures. There are objective for training those handling cargo of different natures and characteristics. Cargo characteristics must be defined in terms of quality and any defects found on the cargo must also be categorized to ensure corrections before repackaging. Generally, cargo handling is secured under the international law. References Bergendorff ,S. (1998). The Sky Came Down: Social Movements and Personhood in Mekeo Society. Oceania. Vol. 69 Batemen, S. , Mathai, M. Joshua Ho. (2007). Shipping patterns in the Malacca and Singapore Straits: An Assessment of the Risks to Different Types of Vessel: Contemporary Southeast Asia. Vol. 29 Dangerous Cargo requirements, cargo, handling Dangerous Goods: retrieved in 2010: http://web2. gov. mb. ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/d012e. php Dangerous Cargo Handling: retrieved in 29 October, 2008. http://adriamare. net/Training/courses/dangerous-cargo-handling/ Dangerous Cargo guidance Principally, Evergreen observes the IMDG. Retrieved on 01 July 2007: http://evergreen-marine. com/tbn1/html/DCGuidance. pdf Devusy, D. , Campton, P. , Hens, L. Nath B. (1998). Environmental Management in Practice; Volume 1: Instruments for Environmental Management -Vol. 1. New York: Routledge. Fox, N. (1997). Spoiled: The Dangerous Truth about a Food Chain Gone Haywire. U. S. Basic Books. Government of Alberta Ministry of transport: Dangerous Goods. Retrieve in 1995-2010. http://www. transportation. alberta. ca/519. htm Hunt, G. J. F. (1989) A Behavioral Approach to Instructional Design: A programmed Text. Plamerston North: Dunmore Press. Ziegler A. (2009). The Liability of the Contracting Carrier. Texas International Law Journal. Vol. 44

Business Plan for Mobile Phone Shop

Business Plan for Mobile Phone Shop The purpose for this business plan to study the feasibility to establish a mobile phone showroom in Abu Dhabi City, the capital of United Arab Emirates. The showroom will offer Nokia mobile phones as main product. Along with that we will offer a wide range of accessories and relevant spare parts. MyPhone provides both mobile phones products and services to make them useful to private users. We are especially focused on providing customer satisfaction to our esteemed customers. The products include both hand held mobile telephone sets and servicing the products after sales along with giving the necessary training and support. The only way we can hope to differentiate well is to define the vision of the company to be a technology ally to our clients. We will not be able to compete in any effective way with the chains using boxes or products as appliances. We need to offer a real alliance. The benefits we sell include many intangibles: confidence, reliability, knowing that somebody will be there to answer questions and help at the important times. The definitive worldwide standard for wireless communications has just broken through the 200 million-customer barriers. However, the GSM industry is one of the most impressive success stories of the 1990s and currently generates more than $100 Billion a year in subscriber revenues alone. We have some major mobile phone distributors in the city, such like Emirates Computers, Juma Al-Majed and Jumbo Electronics. If our strategy works, we will have differentiated ourselves sufficiently to not have to compete against these stores. Our strategy hinges on providing excellent service and support. This is critical. We need to differentiate on service and support, and to therefore deliver as well. Our business is a retail store. The ideal place for the prospected Showroom will be at the new constructed shopping center in Tourist Club Area at East Side of Abu Dhabi City. In order to hold costs down as much as possible, we concentrate our purchasing with Nokia Regional Office in Jabel Ali at Dubai. We are going to have four major employees: Manger, Sales Lady, Technician and accountant. There are some factors that will affect severely on the growing of our proposed business, such like: Customer is looking into factory guarantee for replacement the defected sets. Nokia corporation will grant us immediately this kind of warranty. Usually customers are insisting in buying only the original spare parts and accessories. Therefore we are going to offer only original spare parts and accessories to gain the customer satisfaction. 1.1 Vision Statement: MyPhone is such a vendor. It serves its clients as a trusted ally, providing them with the loyalty of a business partner and the economics of an outside vendor. We make sure that our clients have what they need to run their private and business life as well as possible, with maximum efficiency and reliability. Our ambitious is mission critical, so we give our clients the assurance that we will be there when they need us. 1.2 Products: MyPhone provides both mobile phones products and services to make them useful to private users. We are especially focused on providing customer satisfaction to our esteemed customers. The products include both hand held mobile telephone sets and servicing the products after sales along with giving the necessary training and support. In mobile phones, we support three main lines: The less feature mobile telephone set, which is our smallest and least expensive line, initially positioned by its manufacturer as low-income users. We use it mainly as a cheap mobile phone for workers and non- professional people. The Power User is our main up-scale line. It is our most important mobile telephone set for high-end individual as classified for medium range of income, because of they are the majority of the users, and they are requiring sets with more features and large capacity batteries. However, we will offer a luxury type of mobile telephone set with extreme fancy looking and elegant design, for the upper class of the society and manly for the Ladies who are impressed for such model as part of their prestige in the society. In service and support, we offer a range of walk-in service and guarantees through our well capable workshop and professional technician. 1.3 Key Features of Products: The only way we can hope to differentiate well is to define the vision of the company to be a technology ally to our clients. We will not be able to compete in any effective way with the chains using boxes or products as appliances. We need to offer a real alliance. The benefits we sell include many intangibles: confidence, reliability, knowing that somebody will be there to answer questions and help at the important times. These are complex products, products that require serious knowledge and experience to use, and our competitors sell only the products themselves. Unfortunately, we cannot sell the products at a higher price just because we offer services; the market has shown that it will not support that concept. We have to also sell the service and charge for it separately. 1.4 Production of Product: As we are attending to be as a distributor only for one of the major brand of Mobile Phone in the market Nokia. Therefore we will import or stock directly, and it will not be any kind of production in our firm. Moreover, our business will depend on retailing and not on production. 2) Company Industry: 2.1 Overview of the Industry Community: The Industry: GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications): The definitive worldwide standard for wireless communications has just broken through the 200 million-customer barriers. Achieving this milestone of 200 million subscribers to GSM services is the powerful result of the continuing need for people to communicate and access information on the move. With four new customers every second, the latest figures exceed, yet again, all industry predictions and demonstrate the persistently dramatic growth of GSM throughout the world. As at the end of 1997, there were more than 200 million mobile phone subscribers worldwide and the global sales volume was over 100 million units, an increase of about 50% from the previous year. By the end of the year 2001, it is believed that the global subscriber base will have grown to approximately 600 million. Coupled with the subscriber increase, the mobile phone sales volumes are growing due to the rise of the replacement market. GSM has established itself as the worlds leading digital wireless standard, and it is believed that the current growth rates will continue for the foreseeable future. At present levels, it is confident in the predictions that by the year 2005, it will have achieved between 700 million and One Billion GSM customers worldwide. The GSM industry is one of the most impressive success stories of the 1990s and currently generates more than $100 Billion a year in subscriber revenues alone. Its impressive growth rates are once again attributed to soaring global markets and the sustained penetration of new emerging markets. In all the markets it has been starting to see a widespread take-up of a host of GSM value added services, beyond voice usage, including data and text applications. This demonstrates how GSM is an evolving technology that offers exciting new services and opportunities for subscribers. The future is even more exciting, as the development path for the GSM standard is clearly mapped out and presents an exciting era of applications and services that will stretch the bounds of the imagination. It is moving closer and closer to the delivery of third generation services, which will see multi-media applications, internet access and access to real-time video, via GSM-based networks and handsets. This will ensure that GSM continues to be the standard of choice and heralds continued massive customer growth in the years to come. The Emirates Telecommunication Corporation Etisalat: The UAE has a prominent status in the field of telecommunications as its achievements are reaching the quality and standards of the developed countries. The demands for telecommunications facilities in the UAE are growing at a phenomenal rate. The local Emirates Telecommunications Corporation (ETISALAT) which is 60% state-owned controls this sector and 40% owned by private UAE investors. Since its creation in 1976, Etisalat has increased the number of telephone lines from 50,000 to over 850,000 and plans to raise switching capacity by an annual rate of 100,000. In the UAE, demand for new lines is growing at about 12% per year. Etisalat, motivated by the realization that attractive infrastructure would encourage many businesses to locate in the UAE, has become one of the most profitable telecommunications organizations in the Gulf region and has joined in a number of projects, ranging from a 19,000 kilometers fiber-optic cable to link Europe with South-East Asia. The first stage of the cable link is to lay the so-called Fiber-Optic Gulf (FOG), which will use the most modern submarine technology and provide the UAE with links capable of carrying around 120,000 voice channels at any one time. Etisalat is the name that spells reliable communications in the UAE with global connectivity. Etisalat provides services on a par with the best in the world and has an advanced communications network, which is virtually fault free. All switching systems are digital, common channel signaling system number 7 (SS7) has been introduced, and an analog mobile radio network has been operating successfully for several years. Some of the state of the art services being offered by Etisalat: Telephone Service: This is done through public call offices, pay phones, smart card and credit card operated pay phones, smart card operated pay phones, and others. A report by the Etisalats director general showed that the direct telephone switchboard lines increased by (10 %) lines yearly and totaling 850,000 at the end of 1999. Telephone lines percentage also increased from 29 to 31 for each 100 people which places the UAE in the lead of the Gulf region. The report also indicated an increase of 27.9% in public phones with an amount of 20,000 at the end of 1999 compared to 12,078 in 1995. As far as mobile phones are concerned, the number of subscriptions reached 1.2 million in end of 1999 compared to 128,495 in 1995. As it is roughly one-in-two of the population and 30,000 to 40,000 new phones were being sold each month. Thus Etisalat maintained its leading position among the countries of the region by realizing the highest growth rates of mobile phones at 50 phones for every 100 people. The Global System for Mobile GSM Communication The digital mobile system which gives a new dimension to mobile communications has been in growing demand because of its satisfactory requirements for national mobile radio networks. These are high performance, international compatibility, fully digital operation, and encrypted air-interface. The UAE is one of the first countries in the Gulf region to introduce this service to serve the social and economic developments in the country. One of the main benefits of the GSM, is the ability to use the GSM service on most of the GSM networks around the world, Charges: GSM service connection Dhs 200 once only GSM service subscription Dhs 90 per quarter SIM card Dhs 30 Call charges (Normal Rate) Dhs 0.39/min. 7:00am to 2:00pm and 4:00pm to 12:00am, (For all days of the week) Call charges (Cheap Rate) Dhs 0.21/min. 2:00pm to 4:00pm and 12:00am to 7:00am, (on all days of the week) International Calls Normal IDD rates apply Emirates Internet: The UAEs window to the world offering connectivity to an unlimited number of network, computers, and users worldwide. The Emirates Internet was established in June 1995. The number of Internet subscribed reached over 25,000 by the end of November 1997. Fax Plus: A new fax plus state-of-the-art service with a host of advanced facilities which lets the person operate even without owning a fax machine. Paging Service: This radio paging service enables people on the move to be in touch in an easy and economical way almost anywhere in the UAE. According to Al Ittihad Newspaper, the UAE is ranked 7th worldwide, with 10% of the population using this service. Voice Mail Service: This includes videoconference service, consultation services, and interactive information service. ATM Service: The Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a new service launched recently in order to speed up connections to customers. This is a broadband communications technology, which provides a way of transporting data from a wide range of applications using one seamless network. This service is being introduced to cater for the growing needs of education and business in the UAE and as part of Etisalats planning for the future. Satellite A new satellite company called Al-Thurayya Satellite Communications Organization was launched in January 1997. Its capital is worth $25 million and owned 26% by Etisalat, 20% by the Abu Dhabi Investments Company, 10% by the Arab Satellite Communications Organization (Arabsat), and 10% by Bahrain Telecommunications Company (Batelco), and 44% is owned by other Arab government. The company was set up to own and operates the Thurayya satellite system, which will serve the rapidly expanding mobile phone sector. It will cover the Arab states and part of Europe and the Indian sub-continent. The Community: Abu Dhabi City: Abu Dhabi is the capital of the United Arab Emirates. Its population was estimated 850,000 on 1998, with 70% males. The Gross National Product was estimated on the same fiscal year at Dhs. 65,850 per Capita which equivalent to U.S.$ 17,870. The Gross National Private Local Consumer was Dhs 25,040 per capita. The Gross National Government Consuming was Dhs 10,582 per capita. The Gross National Expenditure was Dhs 48,926 per capita. Which can be lead to be one of the highest per capita in the world. Abu Dhabi is very Modern City. Most of its constructions are less than 15 years old. Since it is the U.A.E. capital, it is containing all the headquarters of the Federal Ministries and other government departments and authorities, beside all the oil and gas companies headquarters, more than 63 local and international banks and many regional offices of the multinational companies. In addition to that, Abu Dhabi has One public women university Zayed University, two campuses of Higher Colleges of Technologies and several colleges branches. 2.2 Major Competitors: a) Major Distributors: We have some major mobile phone distributors in the city, such like Emirates Computers, Juma Al-Majed and Jumbo Electronics. If our strategy works, we will have differentiated ourselves sufficiently to not have to compete against these stores. Strengths: national image, high volume, aggressive pricing, and economies of scale. Weaknesses: lack of product, service and support knowledge, lack of personal attention. b) Other Local Stores: There are more than one hundred retail mobile phone Stores in Abu Dhabi city. These tend to be small businesses, owned by people who started them because they liked mobile phones. They are under-capitalized and under-managed. Margins are squeezed as they compete against the major distributors and against each other in an attempt to match prices. The competition based on price more than on service and support. When asked, the owners will complain that the major distributors squeeze margins and customers buy on price only. They say they tried offering services and that buyers didnt care, instead preferring lower prices. We think the problem is also that they didnt really offer good service, and also that they didnt differentiate from the major distributors. Moreover they are depending in the gray market. 2.3 Comparative Advantages: The marketing of mobile services to business users, and more recently to consumers, has resulted in spectacular growth in the number of subscribers in Gulf Area. Operators now face the challenges of rising customer quantity, the prospect of declining revenue per subscriber, and the scrutiny of performance by investors. Achieving success in these new market conditions calls for a change in strategy from mobile operators a fresh approach to marketing, distribution and customer service to attract more new customers whilst retaining existing customers and protecting future revenue. The buyers understand the concept of service and support, and are much more likely to pay for it when the offering is clearly stated. There is no doubt that we compete much more against all the box pushers than against other service providers. We need to effectively compete against the idea that businesses should buy mobile phones as easy and friendly appliances that dont need ongoing service, support, and training. Our focus group sessions indicated that our target professional users think about price but would buy based on quality service if the offering were properly presented. They think about price because thats all they ever see. We have very good indications that many would rather pay 10-20% more for a relationship with a long-term vendor providing back up and quality service and support; they end up in the box-pusher channels because they arent aware of the alternatives. Availability of the stock is also very important. The buyers tend to want immediate, local solutions to problems. However, our value proposition has to be different from the standard retail shops. We offer our target customer, who is service seeking and not self reliant, a vendor who acts as a strategic ally, at a premium price that reflects the value of reassurance that sets will work. Moreover, our competitive edge is our positioning as strategic ally with our clients, who are clients more than customers. By building a business based on long-standing relationships with satisfied clients, we simultaneously build defenses against competition. The longer the relationship stands, the more we help our clients understand what we offer them and why they need it. Service and Support Our strategy hinges on providing excellent service and support. This is critical. We need to differentiate on service and support, and to therefore deliver as well. 2.4 Future Products Services: We must remain on top of the new technologies, because this is our bread and butter. For telephone sets, we need to provide better knowledge of cross GSS and WAP technologies. Also, we are under pressure to improve our understanding of direct-connect Internet and related communications. Finally, although we have a good command of accessories, we are concerned about getting better at the integration of technologies that creates fax, WAP, E-mail, and voice mail as part of the mobile Telephone set. 3) Operations: 3.1 Location Premises: Our business is a retail store. Therefore in this type of business the customer will come to it, not the sales person has to go to the customer. It is kind of pulling sales strategy not pushing sales strategy. Thus, the physical location will be the key to success or failure to this business. However, the ideal place for the prospected Showroom, after taking in consideration the locations for the others competitors, will be at the new constructed shopping center in Tourist Club Area at East Side of Abu Dhabi City. As in new shopping center, we will enjoy the being in the summit reputation beside the advantage of parking lot availability, which has become a great problem in the city in these days. The shop will be at the ground floor. To grantee that all the visitors of this particular Shopping Center will have the chance to see the place and they will be aware that a new mobile showroom will be available for them. Furthermore, we can utilize the front of the showroom to demonstrating the products in front of the shoppers, They will see and know what kind of products we are offering before they have even entered to the showroom. The area for the place is suggested to be not less than 100 square meters that can be distributed as the following: Lounge with area of 50 square meter. Two small offices one for the showroom manager and the other for the accountant with area of 6 square meters for each of them. Store with an area of 5 square meters, for the products with necessary cabinets. Service Area of 20 square meters furnituing with necessary tables, counter and cabinets. 3.2 Purchase: Our costs are part of the margin squeeze. As competition on price increases, the squeeze between manufacturers price into channels and end-users ultimate buying price continues. With the mobile phone sets, our margins are declining steadily. It is being squeezed to more like 13-15% at present. In the main-line accessories a similar trend shows, with prices declining steadily. In order to hold costs down as much as possible, we concentrate our purchasing with Nokia Regional Office in Jabel Ali, which offers 30-day net terms and overnight shipping from the warehouse at Jabel Ali in Dubai. We need to concentrate on making sure our volume gives us negotiating strength. Moreover, In accessories and add-on we can still get decent margins, 25% to 40%. 3.3 Resources: a) We are going to have four major employees: Employee Responsibilities Manger Supervising and Purchasing affairs Sales Lady Sales Affairs Technician Workshop Affairs Accountant Accounts and Bookkeeping We are in need for very little equipment to run the project; this equipment will be bought. As no trend in United Arab Emirates to rent such equipment. 4) Management: The management in the our firm believes very strongly that relationships should be forthright, work should be structured with enough room for creativity, and pay should be commensurate with the amount and quality of work completed. 4.1 Management Structure: Owner Manager Accountant Sales Lady Technician 4.2 Professional Services Employee Training: A) Legal Affairs: Especially in the beginning, therefore we have already negotiated with a very respectful Advocate office in Abu Dhabi City, who is having a good experience in the commercial and civil affairs. He will take care for all the Legal Affairs, including Renting Contract, Maintenance Contract, and Labor/Employee Contracts, Revising the purchasing and banking agreements, etc. B) Accounting Procedures: The financial information is too essential for an well-organized business firm. Therefore a bookkeeping system has to be maintained to include all the account procedures. Moreover, all the payments to be made preferably by checks, and not by cash. The daily sales to be deposited in the bank next working day. However to organize the purchasing of the goods, They would be imported by the banks letter of credit (L.C.) only. C) Insurance Expenses: Our mobile phone showroom should insure the business along with its stock. As our business requires insurance for such robbery crimes or thefts. Further, we will insure our staff. We can estimate the insurance premium at Dhs. 6,000 for the First year. As revenue increases in the second and third year of Business. D) Banking Affairs: As the purchasing of the main product will be from Jabel Ali warehouse of regional company of Nokia, therefore the financing of such deals should be on Letter of Credit (LC). We will intend to open two current accounts with two different banks, which will give us more flexibility in the finance procedures. Employee Training: We will have only four staff. These staff will hire them, with sufficient experience in the relative field. Therefore, no training is mainly required at the beginning. However, the regional office of Nokia in Jabel Ali Free Zone, they are organizing such training session, whenever new product is introduce to the market. Therefore we are planning to send our technician to these training session whenever they will be made available. 4.3 Risks Plans to Minimize: There are some factors that will affect severely on the growing of our proposed business, such like: Customer is looking into factory guarantee for replacement the defected sets. Since we are purchasing directly from the regional office in Jabel Ali free zone. Therefore, Nokia corporation will grant us immediately this kind of warranty. However some other retail shops are buying their product from the gray market in Dubai. In this case, they can not offer any kind of grantee in their products. Moreover, we are attending to put this information on all of our advertising campaigns and sale brochures. Usually customers are insisting in buying only the original spare parts and accessories (which are coming from same manufacture). Therefore we are going to offer only original spare parts and accessories to gain the customer satisfaction. 4.4 Implementation Schedule: Activity Deadline Required Time Start Date Renting The Space Jan 31,2001 One month Jan 2, 2001 Decoration Mar. 31, 2001 Two Months Feb 1, 2001 Hiring the Staff Mar. 31, 2001 One month Mar. 1, 2001 Furnishing April 30, 2001 One month April 1, 2001 Importing the goods April 30, 2001 Two Months Mar. 1, 2001 Grand Opening May 1, 2001

The History of the Australian Penal Colonies :: Essays Papers

The History of the Australian Penal Colonies Abel Magwitch was one of the two acquitted criminals in Dickens' Great Expectations. The convicts in this novel were sent to either Newgate prison or shipped to Australia where they were placed in penal settlements. Magwitch was sent to New South Wales for his connections with Compeyson (the other convict) and was sentenced on felony charges of swindling and forgery. Convicts sent to penal settlements suffered the same abuse that slaves were exposed to. The difference lies in the fact that these men and women were in these settlements because of crimes committed such as pickpocketing and murder. Such settlements were New South Wales, Van Dieman's Land, Devil's Island, and Botany Bay, to name a few. In fact, "Botany Bay meant convicts and was looked upon merely as the fit receptacle of national crime" (Inglis 4). Convicts were sent to these settlements as a way to curb the number of felons in the British Isles. Settlements created a place to live and work in order to change or correct the character of the convict. During the nineteenth century, convicts made up most of the population of Australia with a mere fraction of actual free emigrants. The Australian penal settlements helped to develop a new penal theory as well as different view of Australia. By looking at the journey of the convicts, their service, jobs, authorities, punishment, and freedom, we will be able to understand the complicated theory of penal ideas and the plight of Magwitch, Pip's convict. Many convicts began their servitude during transportation. Convicts entered upon what some call a "repressive penal system" through a long oversea journey (Connah 50). The problem with this journey was that "no vessel was specially designed and built as a convict ship" (Batesan 68). This would make the transportation of convicts difficult. These were the kind of ships that Pip saw at the Hulks waiting to take prisoners or waiting to find them in order to continue on their journey, just as they had waited for Compeyson and Magwitch. Often, transportation of convicts was called "convictism"; convicts were thrown on a boat and spent many days in waiting (Inglis 12). Usually the voyage "took eight months, six of them at sea and two in ports for supplies and repairs" (Inglis 6). Often, many convicts died along the way. The case of the Second Fleet in the very beginning of transportation "was the worst in the history of transportation" (O'Brien 168).

The Right To Die Essay example -- essays research papers fc

The Right to Die Modern medical technology has made it possible to extend the lives of many far beyond when they would have died in the past. Death, in modern times, often ensures a long and painful fall where one loses control both physically and emotionally. Some individuals embrace the time that modern technology buys them; while others find the loss of control overwhelming and frightening. They want their loved ones to remember them as they were not as they have become. Some even elect death to avoid burdens of lingering on. They also seek assistance in doing so from medicine. The demands for assisted suicide and euthanasia are increasing (Kass 17). These issues raise many questions, legal and ethical. Although neither assisted suicide and euthanasia are legal, many people believe they should be. A great number of those people may never be faced with the decision, but knowing the option would be there is a comfort (Jaret 46). For those who will encounter the situation of loved ones on medication, being treated by physicians, sometimes relying on technical means to stay alive arises a great moral conflict. I wish to explore this topic on ethical, not legal issues. Do people have a right to choose death? More in particular, are euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide morally legitimate? Euthanasia involves a death that is intended to benefit the person who dies, and requires a final act by some other person, for example, a doctor. Physician-assisted suicide, which requires a final act by the patient, can also be undertaken for the good of that patient. The essential point is that both involve intentionally ending a human life (Emanuel 521). But how, some ask, can we ever allow people to intentionally end human lives (even their own lives) without degrading human life? How, others ask, can we simply prevent people from deciding when to end their own lives without denying people the freedom so essential to the value of a human life? As these questions suggests, the debate about the right to choose death may appear to present a stand-off between people who endorse life's true value, and those who think life's value depends on the interests, judgments, and choices of the person whose life it is. Through self identification individuals evaluate their own lives and its quality through their own values and belief systems. In order to maintain human dig... ...' dignity. Euthanasia, for some people, may be seen as a more humane way to die. Bibliography Emanuel, Esekiel and linda L. Emanuel, "The promise of a Good Death," The Lancet, May 16, 1998, v351, n9114, pp521-529. Meier, Diane E., Carol-Ann Emmons, Sylvan Wallenstein, timothy Quill, Sean Morrison and Christine Cassel, " A National Survey of Physician-Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia in the United States," The New England Journal of Medicine, April 23, 1998, v338, n17, pp1193- 1203. Brock, Dan W., "Palliative Options of Last Resort," JAMA, December 17, 1997, v178, v23, pp2099-2104. Jaret, Peter, "Can There Be Comfort and Dignity at the End of Your Life?" Family Circle, November 18, 1997, v110, n16, pp42-46. "Last Rights," The Economist, June 21, 1997, v343, n8022, pp21-24. Gletzer, Randi, "Life/Death Decisions," American Health For Women, March 1997, v16, n2, pp80-85. Kass, Leon R. and Nelson Lund, "Courting Death: Assisted Suicide, Doctors and the Law," Commentary, December 1996, v102, n6, pp17- 28. Outerbridge, Daved E. and Alan R. Hersh, M.D., "Easing the Passage," HarperCollins, New York, NY, 1991.

The Italian Wars :: History

The Italian Wars Italy was the background for outside powers between the French invasion of 1494 and the accession of Francis 1 in 1515 for different reasons. Between these years, the States of Italy were invaded on a number occasions by armies from France, Spain and other countries. At this time, the Italian States were very vulnerable; there were conflicts in Italy itself, they had out of date military equipment and Italy had insecure frontiers and unreliable allies – â€Å"That Italy failed to organise herself against invaders was due to the selfish policies.† This gave outside powers reason to use Italy as their battleground. Italy was a very wealthy country, showing this wealth, a Florentine Historian, Guicciardini said â€Å"Italy has never enjoyed such prosperity or known so favourable a situation† Also, because the Pope lived in Italy, it gave enemies more incentive to fight in Italy as opposed to any other country. Another reason for Italy being the battleground was that foreign powers felt they had dynastic claims to certain states and therefore felt obliged to fight for them. I feel the most important reason why outside powers chose Italy to fight in was basically because they ‘could.’ Italy was divided, unstable and disunited; there were even civil disputes e.g. when Venice and its neighbour Ferrara went to war. It was hard to keep foreign powers out of their country because they weren’t working together; each state was not strong enough to protect Italy on its own. The Papacy also didn’t help in keeping enemies out – â€Å"there was always scope for dissension between them (Orsini and Colonna); and while they remained armed before the very eyes of the pontiff, they kept the papacy weak and insecure.† Also, it was playing its usual game of self interest. Pope Leo X in 1513 set about promoting the interests of himself and his family. He was prepared to negotiate for French aid to further his ambitions – this lead to more foreign powers (especially France), being able to easily use Italy as the main battleground. It can be disputed that the most important reason for Italy being the battle ground was that it was wealthy, but I feel that even though it was wealthy, there were certainly other wealthy states which could have been the battleground, had Italy not been such an easy target, with certain assets other countries did not have. This leads me to the next important reason why Italy was the battle ground; wealth.

Comparison between cockroach, hunting snake and horses

Similarities between Hunting Snake, Pike, Horses, Cockroach The first escalates I could see In the poems was a theme of Tear and respect' towards the mall creature of the poem shown through contradicting dialogue The first example is ‘Pike' by Ted Hughes. The poet uses the poem to expresses his love and respect but also fear towards the fresh water cannibalistic fish.The first line of the poem â€Å"Pike, three inches long, perfect† shows the poets knowledge of the fish and he describes the fish as being perfect which shows us he respects the fish but in the line â€Å"But silently cast and shed with the hair frozen on my head for what might move† shows us that he is afraid of what might be lurking underneath the â€Å"heat struck Elli pads† reinforcing that he not only loves the fish but also fears the fish.Judith Wright talks about her love and respect towards the great black snake' In her poem â€Å"Hunting snake† The poet uses the line â€Å"we walked, and froze half through a pace† to show the readers that there Is a threat, as people generally freeze when there Is a dangerous animal which shows us that the poet is afraid of the snake, but then she contradicts this with he line â€Å"Curves of diamond scale, and we lost breath to watch him pass† as the words â€Å"curves of diamond† gives us a sense of beauty and elegance as diamonds are thought to be worn by beautiful women, so the poet is describing the snake as having diamond scales.So the scales is the ring and the snake is wearing the â€Å"ring† so the poet is comparing the snake to a beautiful and elegant woman showing us that she has a sense towards the snake. The second part of that line â€Å"and we lost breath to watch him pass† in my opinion shows us that they are speechless as a common thing o say when you receive something amazing Is ‘l don't know what to say so the poet Is saying that they were speechless at the sight of the great snake and that they were privileged to be witnessing.Further conforming my theory that the poet Is scared of the snake but at the same time admires Its natural beauty. Horses was hard at first as I lost the poem but after Google searching It I saw that Edwin Mir was also a victim of this love hate relationship between the poet and the animal. He constantly describes the horse as majestic and beautiful creatures as he watches from a stance. He uses the line â€Å"They marched broad-breasted to the sinking sun† to describe them as proud and majestic and the 5th paragraph describes the gigantic size and power of the horses.These examples indicates the respect that the poet has towards the creature. â€Å"Perhaps some childish hour has come again, when I watched fearful† is a contradiction as the poet talks about his love for the power and size of the creature thought the poem but this line shows us that he is in fact afraid of them as well. He remembers as a child he was scared of horses and that he has a felling of D ©J v as he Is watching them again. Showing us that he Is In love with the animal that Is also afraid of.Cockroach was the hardest poem to explain the poets respect and fear for the creature. But a closer inspection shows that the poet likes the as he describes the cockroach â€Å"skirting a ball of dust that rode the floor† as the ‘dust' is a familiar object which to the cockroach and gives a sense of familiarity and safety which you have as a child. The poet uses words like â€Å"satisfied† which gives us a elegant vibe showing that the poet likes the cockroach as it reminds him of his pleasant childhood experience.But this vibe changes about half way through the poem. The line â€Å"Restlessness that worsened over time† shows us that the poet now sees himself later in life and he is not happy as he was not happy with his life. This shows us that the poet is now afraid of the cockroach as he sees himself and he is not happy with what he sees. Conforming that the poet both loves the cockroach as he sees his childhood which he treasures and his present self which he despises.

Maguindanao Massacre Essay

November 23, 2009 a very significant date to all cotabatenos and a very controversial date to anyone who knows about the massacre. A day that brought the city into darkness.The time where majority of the people were into a great fear.The day where many innocent people were executed due to the willingness of others to win the position. Even for a country long hardened to election violence, the massacre of at least 57 defenseless civilians on the main southern island of Mindanao, many of them relatives and supporters of a local politician and a large group of journalists, sets a new low. This troubled corner of the Philippines usually makes headlines for its long-running Muslim separatist rebellion. But the killings starkly exposed a nationwide malaise: the fierce competition for regional power among the country’s small à ©lite of a few hundred families and clans that control an inordinate amount of the national wealth — and the desperate lengths some will go to protect their hold on power. The most talked about incident that happened 4 years ago has not been resolved until now. The brutal killing of 57 persons that were just about to file candidacy for Cotabato’s former governor Esmael ‘toto’ mangudadatu. On that day, the wife of Esmael Mangudadatu, a local politician, was to submit a Certificate of Candidacy on his behalf. He was to run for provincial governor. Local journalists joined them in a convoy going to the office of the Commission on Election in the municipality of Shariff Aguak. The journalists were interested as it was the first time that there is a man who will take risks to have a rivalry with an ampatuan in terms of running for a  position.. It was a challenge to the Ampatuans, the powerful ruling political clan. The Ampatuans were supporting Andal Ampatuan Jr., son of the then incumbent governor, Andal Sr., to succeed him as governor. But before Esmael’s wife, her party and the journalists could reach the Comelec office, the local policemen, soldiers and paramilitary forces blocked their way at the highway. They were allegedly given orders by Andal Ampatuan Sr., then incumbent governor and also the patriarch of the Ampatuans; and his son, Andal Jr., to kill the group. All the victims were taken to a hilltop where they were executed. Their bodies were buried in a mass grave together with their flattened vehicles. Their purpose was not to know where the killed people were. The magnitude of the Maguindanao massacre stands as evidence of an enormous challenge to the country’s system of justice. In this case, there are 196 defendants, each of them charged with 57 counts of murder for the death of 57 people, all charges being heard at the Regional Trial Court (RTC) in Metro Manila. The body of one journalist, which is required in prosecuting a murder case, could not be found. Over 500 others named only as â€Å"John Does† in the criminal charges have not yet been identified. Of the 196 defendants, 93 have been arrested; however, three of them have accused the police officers of arresting them in the place of real accused. Of the 93 defendants in detention, 29 of them have not been arraigned in open court yet. Before the trial could begin, it took the National Prosecution Service, the prosecution arm of the Department of Justice, over two months to file the 57 counts of murder in court against the defendants. Here, although the prosecution body did comply with its legal obligation to complete the preliminary investigations in at least 40 days for ordinary cases and 90 days for cases involving public officials as required by the Revised Rules of Criminal Procedure, Rule 112 on Preliminary Investigation, to be able to proceed with the trial to ensure that an â€Å"effective remedy† is achieved has been problematic in reality. The failure of the Philippine National Police to arrest the other 103 defendants, who are still at large two years after the massacre, has further delayed the trial of the case. Although all of the accused are charged for murder in a single incident, in determining criminal liability each must be arraigned, tried and examined individually in court during the tria l. The accused could also question the merit of the case by submitting petitions and motions in court either to have their names  excluded from the murder charges or having the entire case dismissed on question of merit. However, not all motions and petitions filed by defendants, particularly those of powerful and influential political figures are in good faith. In this case, some defendants who invoked a remedial right filed their petitions to either exclude their names from the murder charge or dismiss case allegedly to deliberately delay the trial. To date, there are still 29 defendants, including Zaldy Ampatuan, former governor of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, who have not been arraigned. Zaldy is the son of Andal Sr. Under the Speedy Trial Act of 1998, section 6, in trial of criminal cases â€Å"in no case shall the entire trial period exceed one hundred eighty (180) days from the first day of trial†; however, four of the seven â€Å"exclusions† applicab le in this case, as stipulated in section 10 of the same law, have rendered the law inoperative. These exclusions are delays due to trials with respect to charges against the accused; interlocutory appeals; hearings on pretrial motions from orders of inhibition, or proceedings relating to change of venue of cases; finding of the existence of a valid prejudicial question; and absence or unavailability of the accused or an essential witness. Thus, the delay in this trial has so far been justifiable in the domestic law. I argue that these open-ended and broad exclusions have denied both the accused and the complainants their constitutional rights to speedy trial. The absence, if not lack of, adequate legal provisions that would ensure that motions and petitions that the defendants filed are examined thoroughly to prevent any attempt to deliberately frustrate the course of justice has exposed the court system as being open to manipulation. In this case, the defendants filed numerous petitions, motions and appeals that were legally justifiable in the  ¡Ã‚ §exclusions ¡Ã‚ ¨ clause of the Speedy Trial Act. Even though according to the Philippine Daily Inquirer â€Å"the court (had) practically holds three hearings a week — motions are heard on Mondays in Quezon City while the actual trial is conducted at Camp Bagong Diwa in Bicutan, Taguig City, on Wednesdays and Thursdays† (23 November 2011) for over a year now, there is no sign that the trial of the massacre case could reach its conclusion anytime soon. Therefore, the remark by one of the private lawyers, Harry Roque that the trial could take â€Å"55,000 years† if we take as a basis that â€Å"it takes five years to try a single case in the Philippines† (according to one study) is  not an overstatement. This could in fact be the length of the trial if the 196 defendants would be tried each for charges of 57 counts of murder. Effective remedy: violations in international law I argue that the Speedy Trial Act, in particular its section 10, does not conform to international norms and standards because its exclusions institutionalize delays in trial of cases and thereby deny an â€Å"effective remedy†. The domestic law and the rules of procedures that protect these rights exist, but they do not conform to international law. The domestic law rather has diluted substantive rights to be mere procedural rights. The UN Human Rights Committee has already held that the Philippines was in two cases in violation of its obligation under the Covenant for failing to ensure the â€Å"effective remedies† at the domestic level. In its views on Evangeline Hernandez v the Philippines (Communication No. 1559/2007, views adopted on 26 July 2010, UN Doc. CCPR/C/99/D/1559/2007), the Committee held it was in violation  ¡Ã‚ §of article 6, as well as a violation of article 2, paragraph 3†³ because domestic remedies had been â€Å"unreasonably prolonged† . The Committee reminded that the â€Å"State party may not avoid its responsibilities under the Covenant with the argument that the domestic courts are dealing with the matter, when the remedies relied upon by the State party have been unreasonably prolonged.† Evangeline is the mother of Benjaline Hernandez, a human rights defender murdered by the military and paramilitary forces in Arakan, North Cotabato in April 2002. Evangeline filed the individual communication even without fully exhausting domestic remedies, arguing that investigations, prosecution and trial in her daughter’s murder â€Å"have been ineffective and unreasonably prolonged.† The Committee has also observed that for â€Å"over eight years later, at the time of examination of this communication, it would appear that criminal proceedings initiated against the accused have not yet been finalized.† In another case, Lenido Lumanog and Augusto Santos v the Philippines (Communication No. 1466/200 6, views adopted in 20 March 2008, UN Doc. CCPR/C/92/D/1466/2006), the Committee also held the state party violated article 14, paragraph 3 (c) of the Covenant because it failed in concluding the petition for review into the death sentences of the complainants for eight years. Here, the state party was reminded of its legal obligation with article 2, paragraph 3 (a),  of the Covenant, to ensure â€Å"an effective remedy, including the prompt review of their appeal before the Court of Appeals and compensation for the undue delay†. The complainants, Lenido Lumanog and Augusto Santos, are two of five torture victims, collectively known as the â€Å"Abadilla Five†. The five were illegally arrested and detained, tortured to confess and after over 14 years of trial, were convicted for the assassination of Rolando Abadilla, a police colonel, in June 1996. They were convicted based on the testimony of one witness, Freddie Alejo. Alejo’s credibility has been questioned. In these two cases, the Committee found the Philippines has violated the rights of the complainants because the domestic remedies were ineffective and unduly delayed; however, legally these violations to international law had found justification under the country’s dome stic law, notably the Speedy Trial Act. In the domestic legal framework, delay is justifiable as part of the domestic criminal legal process, even though in these two cases it constituted a breach of the ICCPR. When domestic remedies are â€Å"ineffective and unduly delayed†, the aggrieved parties can file individual complaints with the Committee, since the Philippines has ratified the Optional Protocol of the ICCPR. Even when cases are within domestic procedural jurisdiction, the state could not invoke this as non-compliance to â€Å"exhaustion of domestic remedies.† To my knowledge, the Committee’s views and opinions have so far not been implemented at the domestic level. While the country’s Constitution adopts the â€Å"generally accepted principles of international law†, without an established mechanism to fully implement the Committee’s views, even if a state is held to have committed the violations of the Covenant and international law it signed, the notion of â€Å"effective remedy† will not exist in reality. The Maguindanao massacre is proof that the existing domestic mechanism, despite its recognition of the rights, is unable to comply with its international obligations because of the chronic defects of its own criminal justice system. The recognition of these rights in the 1987 Constitution, the codification of statutory laws and in criminal procedures and adoption of jurisprudence from foreign countries will not have substantial benefits to ensure protection of the right to an â€Å"effective remedy†. A well-developed domestic mechanism is a precondition in order to implement these rights. A backhoe driver has described in chilling detail how he used the excavator to bury the 58 victims of the Philippines’ worst  political massacre, according to a video aired Tuesday. The man said he dug a big hole near where the victims were shot by the Ampatuan clan in November 2009, then pushed the bodies as well as their cars down the pit. â€Å"I am Bong Andal, a trusted employee of the Ampatuans†¦they ordered me to bury the people they had massacred,† said the man in the clip aired by Manila-based GMA network. The clan allegedly ordered the massacre to stop a political rival, Esmael Mangudadatu, from running against one of its members for governor of Maguindanao, a poor farming province in the south. The Ampatuan patriarch, two sons and several family members are in custody and on trial for the murder of 58 victims, including 32 journalists who were covering the political contest. The backhoe driver was arrested last November, while more than 90 other suspects remain at large. GMA said Andal had signed a deposition that was given to state prosecutors. It said it later had an exclusive interview with him, in which he repeated the allegations made in the written deposition. The network said part of his quotes were from the deposition and part from the interview. â€Å"I used the backhoe to push the vehicles into the hole first. Then I flattened them with its metal arm,† the station quoted him as saying. â€Å"Some of the vehicles had dead people inside, so I just closed my eyes out o f fright and got on with it.† Andal also said he used the excavator’s arm to drag the dead bodies into the hole, the station said. Andal alleged in the video clip that the clan patriarch, Andal Ampatuan Senior, ordered him to take the excavator to the place where the 58 people were shot dead, and to make sure it had enough fuel. â€Å"The Ampatuans warned me and my parents not to get myself arrested. They said if I get caught they would kill my parents, my siblings and my children.† The driver is being held by the national government’s witness protection program, along with other witnesses, amid fears they could face retribution for testifying against the clan, GMA said. At least three witnesses have been killed since 2010, including a former Ampatuan family employee whose dismembered remains were found stuffed into a sack in 2012. Andal wants to become a state witness, GMA said GENERAL SANTOS CITY, Philippines – Lest we forget, we must remind ourselves that 4 years ago, 58 people were killed in one of the most reprehensible massacres in the long line of political murders in the country. On a scorching mid-day on Nov 23, 2009, Datu Unsay town Mayor Andal Ampatuan Jr and some 192 relatives, policemen, militiamen, and bodyguards  stopped a convoy of vehicles that was on its way to the provincial capitol of Maguindanao in Shariff Aguak and diverted it to a secluded and remote village in Masalay, Ampatuan town. There, witnesses said Andal Jr and his minions peppered the wailing and begging victims with bullets. Some 4 hours later, the world was jolted and revolted by the gruesome massacre. Thirty-two of those who were mercilessly gunned down were journalists and media workers. Standing accused and being prosecuted for the barbaric crime are members of the most fearsome and influential political warlords in Mindanao, along with their henchmen and avid supporters. Six members of the Ampatuan clan have since been arrested and are now detained at Camp Bagong Diwa in Bicutan, Taguig City. While most suspects have been arrested and detained, many are still at large. At least 8 of those still in the lam bore the surnames of the principal suspects – Ampatuan. And while 96 or so of the suspects are now detained, all but one have yet to face trial, the process bogged down by delaying tactics by the defense. In that one case that has gone on trial, the lawyers of the accused have yet to present their case after the prosecution rested on November 6 – or 4 years to the month since the massacre. At least 3 witnesses have been killed since 2010, including a former Ampatuan family employee whose dismembered remains were found stuffed into a sack in 2012. Despite this, Justice Secretary Leila de Lima has said that President Benigno Aquino III wants suspects convicted before his term ends in 2016. The final road On Thursday, November 21, families of the media workers and journalists who perished in the massacre will retrace the final road traveled by their loved ones and carry one message: When will justice ever be achieved? Indeed, it is not enough to see the masterminds and their minions confined in their detention cells. Paramount is retribution for the victims – for the massacre committed by the Ampatuans. The families are demanding justice. The world is insisting on the day of reckoning. Many are convinced that without it, the culture of impunity will forever be with us. 2009 will go down in history as the darkest year yet for the Philippine media with the killings of 57 people, including 32 journalists in southern  Philippines on 23 November – an event that has come to be known as the â€Å"Maguindanao massacre. A Philippine regional traial court today ordered the arrest of 189 suspects linked to the gory November 23, 2009 Maguindanao killings of 57 civilians, which shook the media worldwide. It was as if some senators read an oracle on the fate of the civilian massacre case in Maguindanao. Though governments all over the world deplored the killings, the case has lost its momentum. The celebrated Maguindanao massacre case took another twist when two members of the powerful Ampatuan clan tagged as two of the main suspects in the November 23, 2009, killings were cleared by the Department of Justice because the â€Å"existence of a conspiracy was not proven† Anger and relatives’ cries for justice reverberated on Thursday at the resumption of the celebrated Maguindanao massacre trial as a medical legal officer testified that one of the victims may have been raped before she was shot. Maguindanao massacre had been the most talked about topic since the day it happened. It affected not just the city of cotabato but also other places as soon as it was aired on television. The people in cotabato, specially those families who had lost their loved ones because of the brutal killing had been traumatized. It brought fear to us because it was the most brutal happening that happened. I know that in cotabato there are a lot of incidents happening. Like bomb threats,kidnapping,killing and the war against the terrorists but this topic was the most fearful. To compare, authorities arrested 12 suspects at the time of the massacre’s second anniversary in 2011. Two other suspects considered â€Å"big fish† who each carried the P300,000 bounty were arrested that year: Tumi Timba Abas and Dukoy Badal. Then in 2012, eight were also arrested, including two prominent Ampatuan clan members, namely: Datu Anwar Upham â€Å"Ulo† Ampatuan and Datu Anwar â€Å"Ipi† Ampatuan Jr. But this year, apart from not arresting any prominent Ampatuan clan member, authorities have only arrested one suspect that carries the P300,000 bounty: Talembo â€Å"Tammy† Masukat, who was collared on February 16. The six others arrested this year carried a lower bounty of P250,000 each: Nasser Guia, arrested on February 8 Maot Bangkulat, April 8; Kudza Uguia Masukat, April 15; Edris Nanding Tekay, May 28; Mama Nomba Habib, July 25; and Alimudin Sanguyod, October 18. An eighth suspect, Maguid Amil, was killed by authorities after resisting arrest in Maguindanao on February 8. Amil reportedly hurled a grenade and fired at one of the arresting officers. As of posting time, the total number of arrested suspects stands at 108. Of this number, 104 have been arraigned and all pleaded not guilty to the multiple murder charges. Among those arraigned are the eight prominent Ampatuan clan members, including patriarch Andal Ampatuan Sr, a former Maguindanao governor, as well as his three sons, Andal Jr, Rizaldy, and Sajid. Considered the worst single-day election-related violence in Philippine history, the Maguindanao massacre claimed the lives of 58 people, including 32 journalists, who were part of a convoy that was supposed to register then Buluan Vice Mayor Esmael Mangudadatu, an Ampatuan rival in the gubernatorial race for the 2010 automated polls. They were said to have been stopped at a checkpoint at Sitio Masalay in Barangay Salman, Ampatuan town and gunned down by armed men led by the Ampatuans. Mangudadatu eventually won as governor. This tragedy will never be forgotten as it was one of the most significant and historic happening that happened in cotabato city.It took us years to moved on to what happened. Mangudadatu stayed strong even though he lost most of his family member. He still continued his filing of candidacy and luckily he won. As he won, it brought happiness to the people as well as the families of the victims because it gave them hope that there will be justice served. But until now there are some petitions and complaints about the case because of the slow movement that causes the family victims to get angry because it is been years and until now there are still improvement in the said case. As the ampatuan denies about the massacre, it is one of the  factor why it is still an ongoing case. It gave the supreme court a hard time to resolve it because of their statements. They’ve been creating new stories for their sake to be not in prison but still there were some evidences that are strong b ut needsa very careful and intelligent study to really know who’s the real suspect to the said crime. http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1943191,00.html http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/336621/news/specialreports/4-years-after-ampatuan-massacre-88-suspects-still-at-large http://www.rappler.com/nation/44427-families-maguindanao-massacre-compensation http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/focus/07/02/13/backhoe-man-describes-maguindanao-massacre-burial http://www.humanrights.asia/resources/journals-magazines/article2/1102/the-maguindanao-massacre-legal-and-human-rights-implications-of-court-delay http://themediaproject.org/page/maguindanao-massacre-story-index